Why is Mars known as the “Red Planet”? It isn’t because the planet is scorching hot or covered in lava! Its distinctive color mainly comes from iron oxide found in the rocks and dust on its surface. In other words, much of the Martian ground contains a compound similar to rust. That is why Mars has such a recognizable reddish-orange appearance, even when observed from Earth.

Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun, right after Earth. It is about half the size of our planet and has a very thin atmosphere made mostly of carbon dioxide. Mars is generally extremely cold, with an average temperature of around -60°C (-80°F). Yet its landscapes are spectacular. It is home to Olympus Mons, the largest known volcano in the Solar System, rising more than 20 kilometers (12 miles) above the surrounding plains! Mars also has two small moons called Phobos and Deimos.

For this Mars Coloring Page, the example uses several shades of red, from bright reddish orange to deeper red, to highlight the large shapes across its cheerful face. Real photographs of Mars also reveal shades of brown, ochre and orange, so you can mix different tones to create your own version of the Red Planet.

Mars and our planet Earth are neighbors in the Solar System, but their environments are very different. Compare the two Coloring Pages: which planet looks more welcoming to you? Exploration complete? Mars still holds many secrets that scientists are working to uncover today!